Child Health and Diseases can be defined as a medical branch called pediatrics. This field deals with the health and illness of infants, children and young people. Therefore, it focuses on health problems that occur in all age groups from infancy to adolescence. Childhood diseases encompass all diseases that can occur during the developmental stages of the body. The causes of these diseases may include genetic factors, infections, environmental factors, nutritional disorders, metabolic disorders and many other factors. Some of the topics related to child health and diseases include healthy development of babies, adequate nutrition of children, vaccinations of children, diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in children. Child health and diseases are vital to the healthy growth of children. Therefore, it is extremely important for parents to obtain information about their child's health by contacting their pediatrician for regular check-ups. In conclusion, pediatric diseases and health is an issue of great importance and one that all parents should be aware of.